Study Guide Ch. 9“

THE RECOVERY AND GROWTH OF EUROPEAN SOCIETY IN THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES”

1. The dramatic increases in European population between 1000 and 1300 were traceable to what?

2. What population trend occurred in Europe between 1000 and 1300?

3. What was one negative result of the new agriculture of the Early Middle Ages?

4. The "agricultural revolution" of the High Middle Ages resulted in part from which one of the following?

5. New technological developments in agriculture improving productivity of foodstuffs included what?

6. What was used as sources of power by medieval farmers?

7. By the 13^th century, the growing demand for agricultural products in cities led to what?

8. The peasant's life during the Middle Ages was largely determined by what?

9. What was the basic staple of the peasant diet?

10. What was the most common drink among medieval peasants?

11. The high number of fights and accidents described in medieval court records may be attributed to what?

12. How did male nobles of the High Middle Ages typically spend their time?

13. What was usually the heart of the medieval castle?

14. In medieval thought, how were women generally considered?

15. The knightly code of ethics or chivalry included what requirements.

16. How were combative tournaments involving knights usually looked upon?

17. Describe marriages among the aristocracy of the High Middle Ages?

18. Eleanor of Aquitaine was noted for what?

19. Which country assumed a leading role in the revival of trade in the Early Middle Ages?

20. The revival of long-distance trade in the 11^th and 12^th centuries was due to what?

21. The growing independence of medieval urban areas was largely attributable to what?

22. The term "burg" or "borough" referred to what?

23. Describe cities in medieval Europe?

24. To protect their interests against nobles, townspeople often developed what?

25. What was a major factor in the revolutionary political behavior of European townspeople?

27. Describe the demographics of medieval cities?

28. Which one of the following was a major cause of pollution in medieval cities?

29. Drinking water in the cities of the Middle Ages usually came from where?

30. What did the guild system do?

31. The first university to be founded in Europe appeared in which city?

32. The first university in northern Europe was founded in which city?

33. The University of Bologna initially specialized in which academic area of study?

34. Due to its many cathedral schools, which country became the intellectual center of Europe by the 12^th century?

35. Describe students in medieval universities.

36. Describe the curriculum of the medieval university?

37. Who was the most significant figure from the ancient world to influence medieval theology and philosophy?

38. What was the cause of the renaissance of the 12^th century?

39. The renaissance of the 12^th century saw what?

40. What was the primary preoccupation of scholasticism?

41. What did Thomas Aquinas try to accomplish in Summa Theologica?

42. What was the most popular form of vernacular literature in the 12^th century?

43.  Troubadour poetry was chiefly concerned with what?

44.  The Song of Roland is one of the finest examples of what?

45. What did much of the surplus resources of medieval urban society went into?

46. What name was given to the dominant style of the church architecture in the 11^th and 12^th centuries?

47. What are characteristics of Romanesque architecture?

48. Gothic cathedrals seem to soar upward as light and airy constructions due to what?

49. The Gothic style of architecture emerged and was perfected in which country?

50. What was the first fully Gothic church?